线程池

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为了减少切换线程的开支，提前创建好多个线程。

  • 空间换时间,浪费服务器的硬件资源,换取运行效率.
  • 池是一组资源的集合,这组资源在服务器启动之初就被完全创建好并初始化,这称为静态资源.
  • 当服务器进入正式运行阶段,开始处理客户请求的时候,如果它需要相关的资源,可以直接从池中获取,无需动态分配.
  • 当服务器处理完一个客户连接后,可以把相关的资源放回池中,无需执行系统调用释放资源.

threadpoolsimple.h

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#ifndef _THREADPOOL_H
#define _THREADPOOL_H

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>

//任务
typedef struct _PoolTask
{
    int tasknum;//模拟任务编号
    void *arg;//回调函数参数
    void (*task_func)(void *arg);//任务的回调函数
}PoolTask ;

//线程池：主要包含任务队列、线程数组、空的锁、非空锁
typedef struct _ThreadPool
{
    int max_job_num;//最大任务个数
    int job_num;//实际任务个数
    PoolTask *tasks;//任务队列数组
    int job_push;//入队位置
    int job_pop;// 出队位置

    int thr_num;//线程池内线程个数
    pthread_t *threads;//线程池内线程数组
    int shutdown;//是否关闭线程池
    pthread_mutex_t pool_lock;//线程池的锁
    pthread_cond_t empty_task;//任务队列为空的条件
    pthread_cond_t not_empty_task;//任务队列不为空的条件

}ThreadPool;

//生产者（添加任务函数）、消费者（执行任务的线程函数）
void create_threadpool(int thrnum,int maxtasknum);//创建线程池--thrnum  代表线程个数，maxtasknum 最大任务个数
void destroy_threadpool(ThreadPool *pool);//摧毁线程池
void addtask(ThreadPool *pool);//添加任务到线程池
void taskRun(void *arg);//任务回调函数

#endif

libevent的样例helloworld.c

有客户端连接到本机的9995端口时，自动发送“Hello, World!”

event_base_new

evconnlistener_new_bind

evsignal_new

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/*
  This example program provides a trivial server program that listens for TCP
  connections on port 9995.  When they arrive, it writes a short message to
  each client connection, and closes each connection once it is flushed.

  Where possible, it exits cleanly in response to a SIGINT (ctrl-c).
*/


#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <signal.h>
#ifndef _WIN32
#include <netinet/in.h>
# ifdef _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
#  include <arpa/inet.h>
# endif
#include <sys/socket.h>
#endif

#include <event2/bufferevent.h>
#include <event2/buffer.h>
#include <event2/listener.h>
#include <event2/util.h>
#include <event2/event.h>

static const char MESSAGE[] = "Hello, World!\n";

static const int PORT = 9995;

static void listener_cb(struct evconnlistener *, evutil_socket_t,
    struct sockaddr *, int socklen, void *);
static void conn_writecb(struct bufferevent *, void *);
static void conn_eventcb(struct bufferevent *, short, void *);
static void signal_cb(evutil_socket_t, short, void *);

int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	struct event_base *base;
	struct evconnlistener *listener;
	struct event *signal_event;

	struct sockaddr_in sin = {0};
#ifdef _WIN32
	WSADATA wsa_data;
	WSAStartup(0x0201, &wsa_data);
#endif

	base = event_base_new();
	if (!base) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not initialize libevent!\n");
		return 1;
	}

	sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
	sin.sin_port = htons(PORT);

	listener = evconnlistener_new_bind(base, listener_cb, (void *)base,
	    LEV_OPT_REUSEABLE|LEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE, -1,
	    (struct sockaddr*)&sin,
	    sizeof(sin));

	if (!listener) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not create a listener!\n");
		return 1;
	}

	signal_event = evsignal_new(base, SIGINT, signal_cb, (void *)base);

	if (!signal_event || event_add(signal_event, NULL)<0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not create/add a signal event!\n");
		return 1;
	}

	event_base_dispatch(base);

	evconnlistener_free(listener);
	event_free(signal_event);
	event_base_free(base);

	printf("done\n");
	return 0;
}

static void
listener_cb(struct evconnlistener *listener, evutil_socket_t fd,
    struct sockaddr *sa, int socklen, void *user_data)
{
	struct event_base *base = user_data;
	struct bufferevent *bev;

	bev = bufferevent_socket_new(base, fd, BEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE);
	if (!bev) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Error constructing bufferevent!");
		event_base_loopbreak(base);
		return;
	}
	bufferevent_setcb(bev, NULL, conn_writecb, conn_eventcb, NULL);
	bufferevent_enable(bev, EV_WRITE);
	bufferevent_disable(bev, EV_READ);

	bufferevent_write(bev, MESSAGE, strlen(MESSAGE));
}

static void
conn_writecb(struct bufferevent *bev, void *user_data)
{
	struct evbuffer *output = bufferevent_get_output(bev);
	if (evbuffer_get_length(output) == 0) {
		printf("flushed answer\n");
		bufferevent_free(bev);
	}
}

static void
conn_eventcb(struct bufferevent *bev, short events, void *user_data)
{
	if (events & BEV_EVENT_EOF) {
		printf("Connection closed.\n");
	} else if (events & BEV_EVENT_ERROR) {
		printf("Got an error on the connection: %s\n",
		    strerror(errno));/*XXX win32*/
	}
	/* None of the other events can happen here, since we haven't enabled
	 * timeouts */
	bufferevent_free(bev);
}

static void
signal_cb(evutil_socket_t sig, short events, void *user_data)
{
	struct event_base *base = user_data;
	struct timeval delay = { 2, 0 };

	printf("Caught an interrupt signal; exiting cleanly in two seconds.\n");

	event_base_loopexit(base, &delay);
}